Comparison
Read two legal systems against each other
Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.
Select up to six documented jurisdictions
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| Attribute | AfghanistanReviewed | SeychellesReviewed |
|---|---|---|
| Legal family | Islamic law | Mixed French civil law and English common law |
| System of government | Taliban administration; no promulgated constitution | Presidential republic |
| Constitution | No constitution in force; 2004 Constitution suspended in practice | Constitution of the Republic of Seychelles |
| In force since | 2004 | 1993 |
| Capital | Kabul | Victoria |
| Official languages | Pashto, Dari | Seychellois Creole, English, French |
| Currency | Afghan afghani (AFN) | Seychellois rupee (SCR) |
| Population | 42,200,000 | 130,000 |
| Division of powers | Centralised. 34 provinces are administered by appointed governors reporting to the central administration, with authority concentrated in the Amir and the leadership based in Kandahar. Elected provincial and district councils established under the 2004 Constitution no longer function. | Unitary with 27 administrative districts. The outer islands are administered centrally, and the Seychelles' extensive exclusive economic zone is a significant focus of regulation. |
| How law is made | There is no legislature in session and no published bill procedure. Rules take effect through decrees and ministerial instructions attributed to the Amir or the cabinet, publicised by announcement rather than through a functioning official gazette process. | Bills pass the National Assembly with committee scrutiny and receive presidential assent; the President may refer a bill to the Constitutional Court on a question of constitutionality before assent. Constitutional amendments require a two-thirds majority, and amendments to certain protected provisions additionally require a referendum. |
| Legal profession | The Afghanistan Independent Bar Association, established in 2008 and which had licensed several thousand advocates including many women, was taken over by the Ministry of Justice in November 2021 and its independent regulatory role ended. Licensing now runs through the ministry. Many practitioners have left the country or ceased practice, and women's ability to appear as advocates or to work as judges has been curtailed. | A fused profession of attorneys-at-law admitted by the Supreme Court after a recognised law qualification and pupillage, with the Bar Association of Seychelles representing practitioners. |
A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.