Comparison
Read two legal systems against each other
Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.
Select up to six documented jurisdictions
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| Attribute | BangladeshReviewed | IndiaReviewed |
|---|---|---|
| Legal family | Common law | Common law with personal-law pluralism |
| System of government | Parliamentary republic | Federal parliamentary republic |
| Constitution | Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh | Constitution of India |
| In force since | 1972 | 1950 |
| Capital | Dhaka | New Delhi |
| Official languages | Bengali | Hindi, English, +22 scheduled languages |
| Currency | Bangladeshi taka (BDT) | Indian Rupee (INR) |
| Population | 171,200,000 | 1,441,000,000 |
| Division of powers | Unitary, with eight administrative divisions and 64 districts exercising delegated rather than constitutional authority. The Chittagong Hill Tracts have a distinct regional council arrangement under the 1997 Peace Accord, and the three hill districts apply special rules on land transfer intended to protect indigenous communities. | Parliamentary federalism with subjects distributed across Union, State and Concurrent Lists; judicial review is entrenched, and writ jurisdiction under Articles 32 and 226 is broad. |
| How law is made | A unicameral Parliament passes bills by simple majority; the President may return a bill once but must assent if it is passed again. Constitutional amendments require a two-thirds majority. Article 70 removes a member's seat if they vote against their party, which sharply limits legislative independence from the executive. Ordinances may be issued between sessions. | Bills pass three readings in each House; money bills originate only in the Lok Sabha. Presidential assent follows, and ordinances may be promulgated between sessions. |
| Legal profession | A fused profession of advocates enrolled by the Bangladesh Bar Council after a law degree and the Bar Council examination. Rights of audience are tiered: enrolment permits practice in subordinate courts, and separate permission is needed to appear in the High Court Division and then the Appellate Division. The Bar Council is elected and, like Pakistan's, politically prominent. | A single fused profession of advocates enrolled with State Bar Councils under the Advocates Act 1961, subject to the All India Bar Examination. |
A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.