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Comparison of selected legal systems
AttributeCambodiaReviewedLiechtensteinReviewed
Legal familyIdenticalCivil lawCivil law
System of governmentUnitary constitutional monarchySemi-constitutional hereditary monarchy with direct democracy
ConstitutionConstitution of the Kingdom of CambodiaConstitution of the Principality of Liechtenstein
In force since19931921
CapitalPhnom PenhVaduz
Official languagesKhmerGerman
CurrencyRiel (KHR)Swiss Franc (CHF)
Population17,000,00040,000
Division of powersUnitary, with 25 provinces and the capital. The Organic Law of 2008 created elected councils at provincial, municipal and district level, but fiscal and appointment power remains centralised in the Ministry of Interior.A unitary state of eleven communes, which retain a constitutional right of secession. Power is shared between the Prince, the Landtag and the electorate: 1,000 citizens can demand a referendum on a law and 1,500 can initiate a constitutional amendment. EEA membership adds a supranational layer supervised by the EFTA Surveillance Authority and the EFTA Court.
How law is madeBills are introduced by the government or by members, pass the National Assembly, go to the Senate for review within a fixed period, and return to the Assembly which may override Senate objections. The Constitutional Council may be asked to review a text before promulgation by the King. Much operative detail is then set by sub-decree, which does not pass through the Assembly at all.A bill is debated and adopted by the Landtag, then requires the sanction of the Reigning Prince, whose refusal is absolute and not overridable. Statutes may be subjected to a referendum on the demand of 1,000 citizens or of the Landtag itself, and are published in the Landesgesetzblatt.
Legal professionLawyers are admitted by the Bar Association of the Kingdom of Cambodia, which controls the entrance examination and the training centre and holds a statutory monopoly on court representation. The profession was rebuilt from single figures in the early 1990s and now numbers well over a thousand. Foreign lawyers may advise and appear only in association with a Cambodian member, and notarial functions sit with a small licensed notariat created under the Civil Code reforms.Rechtsanwรคlte are admitted by the Liechtenstein Bar Association after a law degree, a supervised traineeship and the bar examination; qualifications from Austria and Switzerland are widely recognised. Trustees (Treuhรคnder) are a distinct and significant regulated profession given the importance of foundations and asset structures.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full โ€” the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.