Comparison

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Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
Attribute	LibyaIndexed	DenmarkReviewed	BotswanaReviewed
Legal family	Civil law with Islamic law as a source	Civil law (Nordic)	Mixed Roman-Dutch and English common law
System of government	Provisional government with contested authority	Constitutional monarchy	Parliamentary republic
Constitution	Constitutional Declaration (interim)	Constitutional Act of Denmark (Grundloven)	Constitution of Botswana
In force since	2011	1953	1966
Capital	Tripoli	Copenhagen	Gaborone
Official languages	Arabic	Danish	English, Setswana
Currency	Libyan dinar (LYD)	Danish krone (DKK)	Botswana pula (BWP)
Population	6,900,000	5,900,000	2,680,000
Division of powers	Nominally unitary with governorates and municipalities. In practice authority is divided between competing administrations and local armed actors, and municipal councils have in many places become the most functional layer of government.	Parliamentary government in which the cabinet is drawn from and answerable to the Folketing, with an independent unified judiciary.	Unitary. Districts and sub-districts administer central policy, and the House of Chiefs (Ntlo ya Dikgosi) is an advisory chamber that must be consulted on bills affecting customary law, tribal organisation and tribal property.
How law is made	There is no single functioning legislative process. The House of Representatives passes laws that the High Council of State contests, and the rival administrations issue decrees within their areas of control. Whether a given instrument is law therefore depends on which authority is recognised, which is exactly why this profile is marked as requiring research rather than described as settled.	Bills pass three readings in the Folketing and receive royal assent. A minority of members can require certain bills to be put to a referendum.	Bills are introduced in the National Assembly, take three readings with committee scrutiny between the second and third, and go to the President for assent. Bills affecting customary law, tribal property or the organisation of the tribes must first be referred to the Ntlo ya Dikgosi for its opinion, though that opinion does not bind the Assembly.
Legal profession	Advocates are admitted through the Libyan Bar Association, and the profession has continued to function, including in human-rights litigation, despite serious risks to practitioners. Judicial appointments run through the Supreme Judicial Council. Reliable current information on admission requirements and numbers is limited, which is reflected in the verification status of this entry.	A single advokat profession admitted after a law degree, practical training and a bar course; judges are appointed from experienced lawyers.	A fused profession of attorneys admitted by the High Court after a recognised law degree and articles of pupillage; there is no split between advocates and attorneys, and the Law Society of Botswana regulates practice.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.