Comparison

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Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
Attribute	LiechtensteinReviewed	ItalyReviewed	UruguayReviewed
Legal familyIdentical	Civil law	Civil law	Civil law
System of government	Semi-constitutional hereditary monarchy with direct democracy	Unitary parliamentary republic	Unitary presidential republic
Constitution	Constitution of the Principality of Liechtenstein	Constitution of the Italian Republic	Constitution of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay
In force since	1921	1948	1967
Capital	Vaduz	Rome	Montevideo
Official languages	German	Italian	Spanish
Currency	Swiss Franc (CHF)	Euro (EUR)	Uruguayan peso (UYU)
Population	40,000	58,800,000	3,400,000
Division of powers	A unitary state of eleven communes, which retain a constitutional right of secession. Power is shared between the Prince, the Landtag and the electorate: 1,000 citizens can demand a referendum on a law and 1,500 can initiate a constitutional amendment. EEA membership adds a supranational layer supervised by the EFTA Surveillance Authority and the EFTA Court.	A parliamentary republic with a President as head of state and guarantor, a Government answerable to Parliament, an independent judiciary and a Constitutional Court.	Unitary. Nineteen departments have elected intendentes and juntas with administrative and local taxing competence, and municipalities were added in 2010, but all legislative power belongs to the General Assembly.
How law is made	A bill is debated and adopted by the Landtag, then requires the sanction of the Reigning Prince, whose refusal is absolute and not overridable. Statutes may be subjected to a referendum on the demand of 1,000 citizens or of the Landtag itself, and are published in the Landesgesetzblatt.	Bills must be approved in identical text by both chambers of Parliament and are promulgated by the President, who may request a second reading.	Bills pass both chambers; disagreement is resolved by the General Assembly sitting jointly. The executive may veto, overcome by three-fifths of the joint assembly. Distinctively, 25% of registered voters can force a referendum to repeal a statute within one year of promulgation, and 10% can initiate a constitutional plebiscite.
Legal profession	Rechtsanwälte are admitted by the Liechtenstein Bar Association after a law degree, a supervised traineeship and the bar examination; qualifications from Austria and Switzerland are widely recognised. Trustees (Treuhänder) are a distinct and significant regulated profession given the importance of foundations and asset structures.	Avvocati belong to local bar councils under the Consiglio Nazionale Forense; notai (notaries) are public officers handling deeds and company formation.	A degree from the Universidad de la República or an accredited private faculty confers the title of abogado, with registration by the Supreme Court. Membership of the Colegio de Abogados del Uruguay is voluntary; the Supreme Court exercises discipline. Escribanos públicos are a separate profession with exclusive competence over conveyancing.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.