Comparison
Read two legal systems against each other
Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.
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| Attribute | MaldivesReviewed | Bosnia and HerzegovinaReviewed |
|---|---|---|
| Legal family | Mixed Islamic and common law | Civil law |
| System of government | Presidential republic | Federal parliamentary republic |
| Constitution | Constitution of the Republic of Maldives | Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Dayton Annex 4) |
| In force since | 2008 | 1995 |
| Capital | Malรฉ | Sarajevo |
| Official languages | Dhivehi | Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian |
| Currency | Maldivian rufiyaa (MVR) | Convertible mark (BAM) |
| Population | 521,000 | 3,200,000 |
| Division of powers | Unitary with a decentralised layer under the Decentralisation Act 2010: 21 atolls with elected atoll councils, plus island and city councils. Councils have limited revenue-raising and service delivery functions; the geography of roughly 190 inhabited islands makes administrative decentralisation a practical necessity rather than a constitutional division of sovereignty. | A three-member Presidency and Council of Ministers at state level share power with two autonomous entities and the Brฤko District, each with their own legislatures and courts, under a Constitutional Court. |
| How law is made | Bills pass the Majlis by simple majority and go to the President, who may assent or return the bill once; a second passage requires assent. The Attorney General advises on constitutionality, and the Supreme Court may rule on it after enactment. Constitutional amendments need a two-thirds majority, and amendments to specified provisions also require a public referendum. | State laws require approval of both houses of the Parliamentary Assembly with entity-vote safeguards, while most everyday law is made at entity level. |
| Legal profession | Lawyers are licensed and regulated by the Maldives Bar Council, established under the Legal Profession Act 2019 โ before which licensing sat with the Attorney General's office and then the Department of Judicial Administration. A recognised law degree, the Bar examination and a period of training are required, and licences are tiered by the level of court in which the lawyer may appear. | Advokati/odvjetnici belong to entity bar associations; notaries handle deeds and company acts under entity notary laws. |
A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full โ the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.