Comparison

Read two legal systems against each other

Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
Attribute	MoldovaReviewed	SpainReviewed
Legal familyIdentical	Civil law	Civil law
System of government	Unitary parliamentary republic	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Constitution	Constitution of the Republic of Moldova	Spanish Constitution
In force since	1994	1978
Capital	Chișinău	Madrid
Official languages	Romanian	Spanish
Currency	Moldovan leu (MDL)	Euro (EUR)
Population	2,400,000	48,400,000
Division of powers	Parliamentary, though the President has been directly elected since 2016; the Constitutional Court arbitrates between the two.	A constitutional monarchy with the King as head of state, an executive led by the President of the Government, a bicameral parliament and an independent judiciary, overlaid by extensive regional self-government.
How law is made	Bills are adopted by Parliament, usually in two readings, and promulgated by the President, who may return a bill once for reconsideration. Publication in Monitorul Oficial is a condition of entry into force.	Bills pass both chambers of the Cortes Generales, with the Congress of Deputies able to override the Senate, and receive royal assent.
Legal profession	Lawyers are licensed by the Union of Advocates after examination and traineeship; notaries, bailiffs and authorised administrators are separate licensed professions.	Abogados belong to local bar associations (colegios de abogados); procuradores represent parties procedurally and notaries authenticate deeds and company acts.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.