Comparison

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Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
Attribute	ParaguayReviewed	IsraelReviewed	MadagascarReviewed
Legal family	Civil law	Mixed common law and civil law	French civil law with customary law
System of government	Unitary presidential republic	Unitary parliamentary republic	Semi-presidential republic
Constitution	Constitution of the Republic of Paraguay	Basic Laws of the State of Israel	Constitution of the Fourth Republic
In force since	1992	1958	2010
Capital	Asunción	Jerusalem	Antananarivo
Official languages	Spanish, Guaraní	Hebrew, Arabic	Malagasy, French
Currency	Paraguayan guaraní (PYG)	New shekel (ILS)	Malagasy ariary (MGA)
Population	6,900,000	9,800,000	30,300,000
Division of powers	Unitary with seventeen departments and the capital district, each with an elected governor and departmental board holding administrative and limited fiscal competence. Legislative power is national.	Unitary, with municipalities and regional councils exercising delegated powers. Different legal regimes apply in the West Bank, where military orders and Jordanian-derived law operate alongside Israeli law applied personally to settlers, and the atlas records that separately under Palestine rather than folding it into this entry.	Unitary with a decentralised structure of 23 regions and communes. Successive constitutions have promised fuller decentralisation, including provincial autonomy, which has not been implemented.
How law is made	Bills may start in either chamber and must pass both. The President may object in whole or part; Congress overcomes an objection by absolute majority in both chambers. Constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds vote of each chamber and ratification by referendum; wholesale reform requires a constituent assembly.	A bill passes a preliminary reading, committee stage and three readings in the Knesset. There is no upper chamber and no presidential veto, so a bare majority of those voting can enact primary legislation and, in most cases, amend a Basic Law. The Attorney General's opinion on legality is treated as binding on government, which makes that office a significant pre-enactment check in the absence of a second chamber.	Bills originate with the government or members of either chamber, are examined in committee, and must pass both the National Assembly and the Senate; the Assembly prevails on disagreement. The Haute Cour Constitutionnelle may review a law before promulgation, and organic laws must be referred to it as a matter of course.
Legal profession	A law degree and registration of the title with the Supreme Court, which maintains the roll and exercises discipline. Bar membership is voluntary. Because both Spanish and Guaraní are official, courts must provide interpretation, and practitioners outside Asunción are commonly bilingual.	A single fused profession of advocates admitted by the Israel Bar Association, which is a statutory body: membership is compulsory and it controls the bar examinations and the mandatory articles year. Israel has one of the highest ratios of lawyers to population in the world. Notarial functions are performed by senior advocates licensed as notaries rather than by a separate notariat, which distinguishes the system from its civil-law neighbours.	Avocats admitted to the Ordre des avocats de Madagascar after a law degree and professional training, alongside notaires for authenticated instruments and huissiers for service and enforcement — the standard French division of functions.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.