Comparison

Read two legal systems against each other

Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
Attribute	ParaguayReviewed	LithuaniaReviewed	DR CongoReviewed	TongaReviewed	GambiaReviewed
Legal family	Civil law	Civil law	Civil law (Belgian tradition)	Common law with customary law	Mixed (common law, customary law, Sharia)
System of government	Unitary presidential republic	Unitary semi-presidential republic	Unitary semi-presidential republic	Constitutional monarchy	Unitary presidential republic
Constitution	Constitution of the Republic of Paraguay	Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania	Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo	Act of Constitution of Tonga	Constitution of the Republic of The Gambia
In force since	1992	1992	2006	1875	1997
Capital	Asunción	Vilnius	Kinshasa	Nuku'alofa	Banjul
Official languages	Spanish, Guaraní	Lithuanian	French, Lingala, Swahili, Kikongo, Tshiluba	Tongan, English	English, Mandinka, Wolof, Fula
Currency	Paraguayan guaraní (PYG)	Euro (EUR)	Congolese Franc (CDF)	Tongan paʻanga (TOP)	Dalasi (GMD)
Population	6,900,000	2,860,000	102,300,000	105,000	2,800,000
Division of powers	Unitary with seventeen departments and the capital district, each with an elected governor and departmental board holding administrative and limited fiscal competence. Legislative power is national.	Semi-presidential government with a directly elected President focused on foreign and security policy, a Government answerable to the Seimas, and a separate Constitutional Court.	Semi-presidential: a directly elected President, a Prime Minister from the parliamentary majority, and a bicameral Parliament. The 2006 constitution split the former Supreme Court into three separate apex courts.	Unitary. The Legislative Assembly legislates for the whole kingdom, and the island divisions of Tongatapu, Vava'u, Ha'apai, 'Eua and the Niuas are administrative districts headed by governors. Below that, town and district officers are elected under the Fakafekau'aki and District and Town Officers Act.	Executive president, unicameral National Assembly with a small number of nominated members, and a judiciary that historically relied on judges seconded from other Commonwealth states.
How law is made	Bills may start in either chamber and must pass both. The President may object in whole or part; Congress overcomes an objection by absolute majority in both chambers. Constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds vote of each chamber and ratification by referendum; wholesale reform requires a constituent assembly.	Bills are adopted by the Seimas and signed by the President, who may veto and return a bill for reconsideration.	Bills pass both chambers; persistent disagreement is resolved by a joint commission or a final National Assembly vote. The President promulgates within the constitutional period, and the Constitutional Court may be seised beforehand.	Bills pass three readings in the Legislative Assembly and require the King's assent, which is a real rather than purely formal step. Ordinary bills need a simple majority. Amendments to the Constitution require a majority in the Assembly at three separate readings and the consent of the King and Privy Council, and clause 79 forbids any amendment affecting the law of liberty, the succession to the throne or the titles and hereditary estates of the nobles.	Bills are published, read three times and considered in committee before passage. The President assents; a refusal returns the bill to the Assembly.
Legal profession	A law degree and registration of the title with the Supreme Court, which maintains the roll and exercises discipline. Bar membership is voluntary. Because both Spanish and Guaraní are official, courts must provide interpretation, and practitioners outside Asunción are commonly bilingual.	Advocates belong to the Lithuanian Bar Association; notaries handle property, company and succession formalities.	Avocats admitted to provincial bars under the national Ordre des avocats after a law degree and traineeship; défenseurs judiciaires assist in lower courts.	Law practitioners are admitted by the Chief Justice and licensed under the Law Practitioners Act, with the Tonga Law Society as the professional body. Most qualify overseas or at the University of the South Pacific. A practitioner working on land must know the Land Act's allotment system rather than general property law, because the constitutional bar on selling land means conveyancing in the ordinary sense does not exist.	Fused; admission by the Chief Justice on the roll of legal practitioners, with the Gambia Bar Association as the professional body.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.