Comparison

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Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
Attribute	ParaguayReviewed	MaliIndexed	GrenadaReviewed	LesothoReviewed	MongoliaReviewed
Legal family	Civil law	Civil law (French tradition)	Common law	Mixed Roman-Dutch and English common law	Civil law
System of government	Unitary presidential republic	Republic under transitional military-led government	Constitutional monarchy	Parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Semi-presidential republic
Constitution	Constitution of the Republic of Paraguay	Constitution of Mali	The Grenada Constitution	Constitution of Lesotho	Constitution of Mongolia
In force since	1992	2023	1973	1993	1992
Capital	Asunción	Bamako	Saint George's	Maseru	Ulaanbaatar
Official languages	Spanish, Guaraní	French, Bambara	English	Sesotho, English	Mongolian
Currency	Paraguayan guaraní (PYG)	West African CFA franc (XOF)	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)	Lesotho loti (LSL)	Mongolian tögrög (MNT)
Population	6,900,000	23,300,000	126,000	2,300,000	3,500,000
Division of powers	Unitary with seventeen departments and the capital district, each with an elected governor and departmental board holding administrative and limited fiscal competence. Legislative power is national.	Formally a presidential system with a Prime Minister and bicameral legislature under the 2023 text; in practice transitional authorities exercise combined executive and legislative functions pending elections.	Unitary. The state comprises Grenada, Carriacou and Petite Martinique; Carriacou and Petite Martinique have a Ministry and local administration but no separate legislature.	Unitary with ten districts, and a recognised hierarchy of chiefs exercising customary functions over land allocation and local dispute resolution. The Senate includes the twenty-two principal chiefs ex officio.	Unitary. Twenty-one provinces (aimags) plus the capital, subdivided into soums and districts. Local self-governing assemblies (hurals) sit alongside centrally appointed governors, who are nominated locally but confirmed by the Prime Minister — a hybrid that keeps substantial central control over local administration.
How law is made	Bills may start in either chamber and must pass both. The President may object in whole or part; Congress overcomes an objection by absolute majority in both chambers. Constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds vote of each chamber and ratification by referendum; wholesale reform requires a constituent assembly.	Under the transition, texts are adopted by the Conseil national de transition or issued as ordinances and promulgated by the President of the Transition. The 2023 constitution provides for ordinary bicameral passage once institutions are restored.	Bills pass three readings in both Houses and receive the Governor-General's assent. Constitutional amendments to entrenched provisions need a two-thirds majority in the House of Representatives and then approval by a referendum, a double lock that has defeated every reform package put to voters.	Bills pass three readings in the National Assembly, go to the Senate for review, and receive royal assent. The Senate can delay but not indefinitely block ordinary bills. Amendments to entrenched constitutional provisions require a two-thirds majority and, for the most protected clauses, a referendum.	Bills are introduced by members of the State Great Khural, the President or the Cabinet, considered in standing committee and then in plenary. The President may veto a bill in whole or in part, and the veto is overridden by a two-thirds majority. Laws take effect ten days after publication in the State Information Bulletin unless the statute provides otherwise. The Law on Legislation requires regulatory impact assessment and public consultation for draft laws.
Legal profession	A law degree and registration of the title with the Supreme Court, which maintains the roll and exercises discipline. Bar membership is voluntary. Because both Spanish and Guaraní are official, courts must provide interpretation, and practitioners outside Asunción are commonly bilingual.	Avocats admitted through the Barreau du Mali after a law degree and traineeship; notaires and huissiers are separate ministerial offices.	A fused profession of legal practitioners admitted by the High Court under the Legal Profession Act, after a law degree and the Legal Education Certificate. The Grenada Bar Association represents practitioners.	A split profession in form — advocates and attorneys are separately admitted under the Legal Practitioners Act — though in practice many practitioners hold both admissions; the Law Society of Lesotho regulates the attorneys' branch.	Advocates are licensed under the Law on the Legal Status of Lawyers 2012, which separated the profession into advocates, prosecutors and notaries and created the Mongolian Bar Association as a self-governing body with mandatory membership. Entry requires a law degree, a qualifying examination and a period of supervised practice. Notaries hold a distinct licence and their involvement is mandatory for many property and corporate transactions, a survival of the Soviet-era formality requirements.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.