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Comparison

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Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
AttributeParaguayReviewedMexicoReviewedLithuaniaReviewedUruguayReviewedDenmarkReviewed
Legal familyCivil lawCivil lawCivil lawCivil lawCivil law (Nordic)
System of governmentUnitary presidential republicFederal presidential republicUnitary semi-presidential republicUnitary presidential republicConstitutional monarchy
ConstitutionConstitution of the Republic of ParaguayPolitical Constitution of the United Mexican StatesConstitution of the Republic of LithuaniaConstitution of the Oriental Republic of UruguayConstitutional Act of Denmark (Grundloven)
In force since19921917199219671953
CapitalAsunciรณnMexico CityVilniusMontevideoCopenhagen
Official languagesSpanish, GuaranรญSpanish, Nahuatl, Yucatec MayaLithuanianSpanishDanish
CurrencyParaguayan guaranรญ (PYG)Mexican peso (MXN)Euro (EUR)Uruguayan peso (UYU)Danish krone (DKK)
Population6,900,000130,000,0002,860,0003,400,0005,900,000
Division of powersUnitary with seventeen departments and the capital district, each with an elected governor and departmental board holding administrative and limited fiscal competence. Legislative power is national.Federal. Powers not expressly granted to the union are reserved to the 32 states (Article 124). States run their own civil, family and criminal-enforcement codes, but criminal procedure, labour and commercial law were federalised to produce single national codes.Semi-presidential government with a directly elected President focused on foreign and security policy, a Government answerable to the Seimas, and a separate Constitutional Court.Unitary. Nineteen departments have elected intendentes and juntas with administrative and local taxing competence, and municipalities were added in 2010, but all legislative power belongs to the General Assembly.Parliamentary government in which the cabinet is drawn from and answerable to the Folketing, with an independent unified judiciary.
How law is madeBills may start in either chamber and must pass both. The President may object in whole or part; Congress overcomes an objection by absolute majority in both chambers. Constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds vote of each chamber and ratification by referendum; wholesale reform requires a constituent assembly.Bills may be introduced by the President, either chamber, state legislatures or by citizens with 0.13% of the electoral roll. Both chambers must pass an identical text; the President may veto, and Congress overrides with two-thirds of each chamber. Constitutional amendments need two-thirds of Congress plus a majority of state legislatures (Article 135).Bills are adopted by the Seimas and signed by the President, who may veto and return a bill for reconsideration.Bills pass both chambers; disagreement is resolved by the General Assembly sitting jointly. The executive may veto, overcome by three-fifths of the joint assembly. Distinctively, 25% of registered voters can force a referendum to repeal a statute within one year of promulgation, and 10% can initiate a constitutional plebiscite.Bills pass three readings in the Folketing and receive royal assent. A minority of members can require certain bills to be put to a referendum.
Legal professionA law degree and registration of the title with the Supreme Court, which maintains the roll and exercises discipline. Bar membership is voluntary. Because both Spanish and Guaranรญ are official, courts must provide interpretation, and practitioners outside Asunciรณn are commonly bilingual.A law degree plus a cรฉdula profesional from the Education Ministry licenses practice; there is no compulsory bar examination or single mandatory bar, which distinguishes Mexico from most of the region. Notaries public are a separate, strictly limited state-appointed profession with exclusive competence over real estate and company deeds.Advocates belong to the Lithuanian Bar Association; notaries handle property, company and succession formalities.A degree from the Universidad de la Repรบblica or an accredited private faculty confers the title of abogado, with registration by the Supreme Court. Membership of the Colegio de Abogados del Uruguay is voluntary; the Supreme Court exercises discipline. Escribanos pรบblicos are a separate profession with exclusive competence over conveyancing.A single advokat profession admitted after a law degree, practical training and a bar course; judges are appointed from experienced lawyers.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full โ€” the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.