Comparison

Read two legal systems against each other

Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
Attribute	ParaguayReviewed	OmanReviewed	SpainReviewed	HaitiReviewed
Legal family	Civil law	Mixed (civil law and Islamic law)	Civil law	Civil law
System of government	Unitary presidential republic	Unitary absolute monarchy	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Unitary semi-presidential republic
Constitution	Constitution of the Republic of Paraguay	Basic Law of the State	Spanish Constitution	Constitution de la République d'Haïti
In force since	1992	1996	1978	1987
Capital	Asunción	Muscat	Madrid	Port-au-Prince
Official languages	Spanish, Guaraní	Arabic	Spanish	French, Haitian Creole
Currency	Paraguayan guaraní (PYG)	Omani rial (OMR)	Euro (EUR)	Haitian gourde (HTG)
Population	6,900,000	4,600,000	48,400,000	11,600,000
Division of powers	Unitary with seventeen departments and the capital district, each with an elected governor and departmental board holding administrative and limited fiscal competence. Legislative power is national.	Unitary. Eleven governorates headed by appointed governors, with municipal councils holding advisory functions over local services. No legislative competence exists below the national level.	A constitutional monarchy with the King as head of state, an executive led by the President of the Government, a bicameral parliament and an independent judiciary, overlaid by extensive regional self-government.	Unitary with constitutionally recognised decentralisation to 10 departments, arrondissements and communes, and to the communal section as the smallest territorial unit. In practice the elected local bodies are largely unfilled and replaced by appointed interim commissions.
How law is made	Bills may start in either chamber and must pass both. The President may object in whole or part; Congress overcomes an objection by absolute majority in both chambers. Constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds vote of each chamber and ratification by referendum; wholesale reform requires a constituent assembly.	Draft legislation is prepared by ministries and the Council of Ministers, may be referred to the Council of Oman for review, and takes effect on the Sultan's signature and publication in the Official Gazette. The Majlis al-Shura may propose legislation and question ministers, and its role was modestly strengthened after 2011, but it cannot enact or block a royal decree.	Bills pass both chambers of the Cortes Generales, with the Congress of Deputies able to override the Senate, and receive royal assent.	Under the 1987 Constitution bills pass both chambers and are promulgated by the President, who may return a text once for reconsideration. With Parliament not sitting, measures have been issued as executive decrees since 2020 — a practice widely criticised as lacking constitutional foundation, and a key reason to check the current status of any recent instrument before relying on it.
Legal profession	A law degree and registration of the title with the Supreme Court, which maintains the roll and exercises discipline. Bar membership is voluntary. Because both Spanish and Guaraní are official, courts must provide interpretation, and practitioners outside Asunción are commonly bilingual.	Advocacy is regulated by the Ministry of Justice and Legal Affairs; Omani nationality is required for rights of audience, and foreign lawyers practise as consultants within licensed firms. Pleadings are in Arabic. Judges are appointed by royal decree on the recommendation of the Supreme Judicial Council. Notarisation is required for real property dispositions, and land registration is administered by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning.	Abogados belong to local bar associations (colegios de abogados); procuradores represent parties procedurally and notaries authenticate deeds and company acts.	Advocates are admitted to one of the departmental bars (Ordre des avocats), most prominently the Port-au-Prince bar, after a law degree and a period of pupillage. Notaries hold a separate public office with exclusive competence over authentic acts including land transfers, which matters greatly given widespread informality in land title.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.