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Comparison

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Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
AttributeParaguayReviewedSerbiaReviewedThe BahamasReviewed
Legal familyCivil lawCivil lawCommon law
System of governmentUnitary presidential republicUnitary parliamentary republicConstitutional monarchy
ConstitutionConstitution of the Republic of ParaguayConstitution of the Republic of SerbiaThe Constitution of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas
In force since199220061973
CapitalAsunciรณnBelgradeNassau
Official languagesSpanish, GuaranรญSerbianEnglish
CurrencyParaguayan guaranรญ (PYG)Serbian dinar (RSD)Bahamian dollar (BSD)
Population6,900,0006,600,000410,000
Division of powersUnitary with seventeen departments and the capital district, each with an elected governor and departmental board holding administrative and limited fiscal competence. Legislative power is national.A parliamentary republic with a directly elected President, a Government answerable to the National Assembly and an independent judiciary overseen by a reformed High Judicial Council.Unitary. Parliament legislates nationally; the Family Islands are administered through local government districts created by the Local Government Act 1996, with New Providence excluded from that scheme.
How law is madeBills may start in either chamber and must pass both. The President may object in whole or part; Congress overcomes an objection by absolute majority in both chambers. Constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds vote of each chamber and ratification by referendum; wholesale reform requires a constituent assembly.Laws are adopted by the National Assembly and promulgated by the President; the Constitutional Court may review their constitutionality.Bills pass three readings in the House of Assembly and Senate before the Governor-General assents. Entrenched constitutional provisions, including those on citizenship and the composition of Parliament, require both a three-quarters parliamentary majority and approval by referendum, which is why constitutional change has repeatedly failed.
Legal professionA law degree and registration of the title with the Supreme Court, which maintains the roll and exercises discipline. Bar membership is voluntary. Because both Spanish and Guaranรญ are official, courts must provide interpretation, and practitioners outside Asunciรณn are commonly bilingual.Advokati belong to bar associations under the Serbian Bar Association; javni beleลพnici (notaries) handle deeds, company acts and succession.A fused profession of counsel and attorneys admitted by the Supreme Court under the Legal Profession Act 1992, after a law degree and either the Legal Education Certificate or qualification in another common-law jurisdiction. The Bahamas Bar Association and its Bar Council regulate practice.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full โ€” the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.