Comparison

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Because every portal follows the same fifteen-section outline, the comparison is genuinely like-for-like rather than a collage of whatever each government happens to publish.

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Comparison of selected legal systems
Attribute	SyriaReviewed	ChadIndexed	KenyaReviewed
Legal family	Civil law with Islamic law influence	Mixed (French civil law, customary and Islamic law)	Mixed (common law, customary law, Islamic law)
System of government	Transitional administration	Unitary presidential republic	Unitary presidential republic with devolved counties
Constitution	Constitutional arrangements under the 2024–25 transition	Constitution of the Republic of Chad	Constitution of Kenya
In force since	2025	2023	2010
Capital	Damascus	N'Djamena	Nairobi
Official languages	Arabic	French, Arabic	English, Swahili
Currency	Syrian pound (SYP)	Central African CFA franc (XAF)	Kenyan Shilling (KES)
Population	23,200,000	18,300,000	55,100,000
Division of powers	Formally unitary, with fourteen governorates administered under Local Administration Law No. 107 of 2011. Effective control has been fragmented since 2012, and the northeast has been administered separately by an autonomous administration with its own councils and courts. The transitional authorities have announced an intention to reintegrate administration, which remains in progress.	Presidential system with a Prime Minister, a bicameral Parliament of National Assembly and Senate under the 2023 text, and a judiciary headed by the Supreme Court.	Presidential system with no Prime Minister, a bicameral Parliament of National Assembly and Senate, 47 county governments with their own assemblies and executives, and an independent judiciary supervised by the Judicial Service Commission.
How law is made	Under the transitional declaration, legislation is issued by the interim authorities pending the election of a permanent legislature, and published in the Official Gazette. Before 2024, laws passed the People's Assembly and were promulgated by the President, who also legislated extensively by decree between sessions. Practitioners should verify the current status of any instrument, since repeals and suspensions are ongoing.	Bills are examined in committee and plenary and passed by the legislature, then promulgated by the President. The Constitutional Council may be seised before promulgation.	Bills are read three times with committee scrutiny and public participation, which the courts treat as a justiciable requirement. Bills concerning counties must pass both chambers. The President assents or refers the bill back with reservations, which Parliament may override by two-thirds.
Legal profession	Lawyers are admitted by the Syrian Bar Association under the Advocacy Law, with compulsory membership, a two-year traineeship and a right of audience that broadens with seniority. Notaries operate under the Ministry of Justice and their authentication is required for property and company transactions. Both the Bar's governance and the notarial network are affected by the transition, and displacement has made proof of title and civil status a dominant practical issue.	Avocats admitted through the Ordre des avocats du Tchad; the profession is concentrated in N'Djamena.	Fused: an LLB, the Kenya School of Law advocates training programme, and admission by the Chief Justice produce an advocate of the High Court. The Law Society of Kenya is the professional body; Senior Counsel is the senior rank.

A comparison table flattens nuance by design. Where a difference matters to a decision you are making, open both portals and read the section in full — the constitutional detail behind a one-line summary is often the part that governs the outcome.