France
Reviewed· 2026-08-03Civil law
A separate administrative court order headed by the Conseil d'État
France separates administrative from ordinary justice. Disputes with the state go to tribunaux administratifs, then cours administratives d'appel, then the Conseil d'État.
Key rules
- The recours pour excès de pouvoir seeks annulment of an unlawful administrative act.
- The standard time limit to challenge a decision is two months from notification.
- Référé procedures allow urgent suspension within days.
Governing law
- Code de justice administrative
- Code des relations entre le public et l'administration
Silence from the administration for two months is generally treated as an implicit rejection, which starts the clock for appeal.
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