Brazil · Government
Government and administration in Brazil
How the executive, legislature and administrative state are organised, and which body is responsible for what.
The three branches
- Executive — President of the Republic
- Four-year term, one consecutive re-election.
- Legislative — National Congress: Chamber of Deputies and Federal Senate
- 513 deputies; 81 senators.
- Judicial — Federal and state judiciary
- Overseen administratively by the CNJ.
- Independent — Ministério Público
- A constitutionally autonomous fourth institution.
How legislation is made
Bills pass both chambers, with the initiating chamber reviewing amendments; the President may veto in whole or part, and Congress may override in joint session.
Enforcement institutions
- Ministério Público Federal
- Independent prosecution and civil public actions.
- Polícia Federal
- Federal crimes, borders and corruption.
- Civil and military state police
- Investigation and street policing respectively.
Government bodies and regulators
- executiveMinistry of Justice and Public SecurityCoordinates justice policy, consumer protection and public security.
- executiveFederal Police — Migration DivisionRegisters foreign nationals and issues residence documents.
- executiveFederal Revenue ServiceAdministers federal taxes, customs and the CPF/CNPJ registries.
- independentNational Data Protection AuthorityEnforces the LGPD general data protection law.
- independentFederal Public Defender’s OfficeProvides free legal assistance to those unable to pay.
- localBoard of Trade (Junta Comercial)Registers companies at state level.
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