Legal information, not legal advice. Every jurisdiction page carries its verification status and sources.

Israel

State of Israel

Mixed common law and civil lawUnitary parliamentary republicReviewed· 2026-08-03
Capital
Jerusalem
Population
9,800,000
Languages
Hebrew, Arabic
Currency
ILS

Israel · Government

Government and administration in Israel

How the executive, legislature and administrative state are organised, and which body is responsible for what.

The three branches

Head of state — President
Elected by the Knesset for seven years; largely ceremonial.
Executive — Government led by the Prime Minister
Requires the confidence of the Knesset.
Legislative — Knesset
Unicameral, 120 members, nationwide proportional representation with a threshold.
Judicial governance — Judicial Selection Committee
Nine members including judges, ministers, Knesset members and Bar representatives.
Law officers — Attorney General
Head of the prosecution and binding legal adviser to government.

How legislation is made

A bill passes a preliminary reading, committee stage and three readings in the Knesset. There is no upper chamber and no presidential veto, so a bare majority of those voting can enact primary legislation and, in most cases, amend a Basic Law. The Attorney General's opinion on legality is treated as binding on government, which makes that office a significant pre-enactment check in the absence of a second chamber.

Enforcement institutions

Israel Police
Under the Ministry of National Security; includes the Lahav 433 major crime unit.
State Attorney's Office
Prosecutes serious offences under the Attorney General.
State Comptroller and Ombudsman
Audits public bodies and handles complaints; reports to the Knesset.
Israel Securities Authority
Securities regulation and market enforcement.
Privacy Protection Authority
Enforces the Protection of Privacy Law.

Government bodies and regulators

Found something out of date on Israel · Government?

Corrections are reviewed against the primary source before anything changes.

Report a correction