Solomon Islands

The three branches

Head of state — The King, represented by the Governor-General

The Governor-General is elected by Parliament for a five-year term.

Executive — Cabinet led by the Prime Minister

The Prime Minister is elected by Parliament.

Legislative — National Parliament

Unicameral; 50 members elected from single-member constituencies for four years.

Judicial — Court of Appeal and High Court

Judges appointed by the Governor-General on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission.

Traditional — Chiefs and Local Courts

Chiefs hear customary disputes before a Local Court will accept a land case.

How legislation is made

Bills receive three readings in the single chamber, are usually referred to a Bills and Legislation Committee, and then receive the Governor-General's assent. Ordinary bills need a simple majority of those present. Constitutional amendments need two-thirds of all members, rising to three-quarters for entrenched provisions such as the Bill of Rights and the office of Governor-General.

Enforcement institutions

Royal Solomon Islands Police Force

Rebuilt after the conflict; rearmed only for specific units.

Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions

Independent under section 91 of the Constitution.

Solomon Islands Independent Commission Against Corruption

Established by the Anti-Corruption Act 2018.

Office of the Ombudsman

Constitutional office investigating administrative conduct.

Public Solicitor's Office

Provides free legal aid, including in customary land matters.