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Algeria

People's Democratic Republic of Algeria

Civil law with Islamic law in personal statusSemi-presidential republicReviewed· 2026-08-03
Capital
Algiers
Population
45,600,000
Languages
Arabic, Tamazight
Currency
DZD

Algeria · Constitution

Constitution of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria

Approved by referendum in November 2020 following the Hirak protest movement and the resignation of the long-serving president. It limits the President to two terms, requires the appointment of a head of government from the parliamentary majority, creates a Constitutional Court replacing the Constitutional Council, adds a constitutional court complaint route, strengthens provisions on judicial independence and the press, and permits participation in peacekeeping operations abroad. The referendum passed on a very low turnout, which is part of the honest account of its authority.

The constitutional text

Approved by referendum in November 2020 following the Hirak protest movement and the resignation of the long-serving president. It limits the President to two terms, requires the appointment of a head of government from the parliamentary majority, creates a Constitutional Court replacing the Constitutional Council, adds a constitutional court complaint route, strengthens provisions on judicial independence and the press, and permits participation in peacekeeping operations abroad. The referendum passed on a very low turnout, which is part of the honest account of its authority.

Separation of powers

Unitary, with 58 wilayas headed by walis appointed by the President alongside elected wilaya assemblies, and communes below them. Local bodies administer central policy and hold limited own-source revenue; they do not legislate.

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