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Argentina

Argentine Republic

Civil lawFederal presidential republicReviewed· 2026-08-02
Capital
Buenos Aires
Population
46,000,000
Languages
Spanish
Currency
ARS

Argentina · Constitution

Constitution of the Argentine Nation

Adopted in 1853 and substantially reformed in 1994. The 1994 reform is the one that matters in practice: it granted constitutional rank to eleven named human-rights treaties in Article 75(22), created the Council of the Magistracy, recognised the autonomy of the City of Buenos Aires, and constitutionalised the amparo, habeas corpus and habeas data actions in Article 43.

The constitutional text

Adopted in 1853 and substantially reformed in 1994. The 1994 reform is the one that matters in practice: it granted constitutional rank to eleven named human-rights treaties in Article 75(22), created the Council of the Magistracy, recognised the autonomy of the City of Buenos Aires, and constitutionalised the amparo, habeas corpus and habeas data actions in Article 43.

Separation of powers

Federal. Twenty-three provinces plus the autonomous City of Buenos Aires retain all powers not delegated to the nation (Article 121). Substantive civil, commercial, criminal and labour law is federal and uniform, but each province legislates its own procedure and runs its own judiciary — an inversion of the United States allocation.

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