Colombia · Constitution
Political Constitution of Colombia
Drafted by an elected constituent assembly and promulgated in July 1991, replacing the 1886 charter. It declares a social state under the rule of law, creates the Constitutional Court, the tutela, the Fiscalía General and the Defensoría del Pueblo, and recognises collective territorial rights for indigenous and Afro-Colombian communities. It also introduced the bloque de constitucionalidad, by which ratified human-rights treaties are read into the constitutional text.
The constitutional text
Drafted by an elected constituent assembly and promulgated in July 1991, replacing the 1886 charter. It declares a social state under the rule of law, creates the Constitutional Court, the tutela, the Fiscalía General and the Defensoría del Pueblo, and recognises collective territorial rights for indigenous and Afro-Colombian communities. It also introduced the bloque de constitucionalidad, by which ratified human-rights treaties are read into the constitutional text.
Separation of powers
Unitary but markedly decentralised. Thirty-two departments and the Capital District have elected governors, mayors and assemblies with taxing and spending powers, and indigenous territories exercise their own jurisdiction under Article 246, but legislative competence stays with the national Congress.
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