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DR Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Civil law (Belgian tradition)Unitary semi-presidential republicReviewed· 2026-08-03
Capital
Kinshasa
Population
102,300,000
Languages
French, Lingala
Currency
CDF

DR Congo · Constitution

Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Adopted by referendum in 2005 and promulgated in 2006 after the transitional period, revised in 2011. Establishes a semi-presidential republic with 26 provinces and extensive decentralisation. Article 220 entrenches the republican form, universal suffrage and the number of presidential terms against any revision.

The constitutional text

Adopted by referendum in 2005 and promulgated in 2006 after the transitional period, revised in 2011. Establishes a semi-presidential republic with 26 provinces and extensive decentralisation. Article 220 entrenches the republican form, universal suffrage and the number of presidential terms against any revision.

Separation of powers

Semi-presidential: a directly elected President, a Prime Minister from the parliamentary majority, and a bicameral Parliament. The 2006 constitution split the former Supreme Court into three separate apex courts.

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