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Latvia

Republic of Latvia

Civil lawUnitary parliamentary republicReviewed· 2026-08-02
Capital
Riga
Population
1,880,000
Languages
Latvian
Currency
EUR

Latvia · Government

Government and administration in Latvia

How the executive, legislature and administrative state are organised, and which body is responsible for what.

The three branches

Head of State — President of Latvia
Elected by the Saeima.
Executive — Prime Minister and Cabinet
Accountable to the Saeima.
Legislative — Saeima
Single chamber of 100 members.
Judicial — Ordinary courts and the Constitutional Court
Career judiciary.

How legislation is made

Bills pass readings in the Saeima and are promulgated by the President, who may return a bill or, with a minority of deputies, suspend it for a possible referendum.

Enforcement institutions

State Police (Valsts policija)
National police force.
Prosecutor’s Office
Independent prosecution service.

Government bodies and regulators

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