Immigration
A cross-border labour market, with the EU Blue Card for the highly qualified
EU, EEA and Swiss nationals move freely, and a large share of the workforce commutes daily from France, Belgium and Germany. Third-country nationals are admitted under the Immigration Law, most prominently through the EU Blue Card for highly qualified employment above a set salary threshold.
Key rules
- EU/EEA and Swiss nationals live and work freely; frontier workers (frontaliers) commute across the borders.
- Third-country nationals generally need a temporary authorisation to stay before entry, then a residence permit within three months of arrival.
- The EU Blue Card requires a highly qualified job of at least six months and a salary above the annually set threshold.
- Naturalisation is possible after five years' residence, and Luxembourg broadly allows dual nationality.
Governing law
- Law of 29 August 2008 on free movement and immigrationAs amended
- Nationality Law of 8 March 2017Naturalisation and dual nationality
In practice
The sequence matters: the authorisation to stay must be obtained before arriving, and the residence permit applied for within three months. Cross-border workers use a separate route and are usually exempt from the labour-market test when highly qualified.