Nepal · Government
Government and administration in Nepal
How the executive, legislature and administrative state are organised, and which body is responsible for what.
The three branches
- Head of state — President
- Elected by federal and provincial legislators; ceremonial.
- Executive — Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
- Responsible to the House of Representatives.
- Legislative — Federal Parliament
- House of Representatives (275) and National Assembly (59).
- Provincial — Seven provincial assemblies
- Each with a Chief Minister and its own legislative competence.
- Judiciary — Supreme Court
- Appointments through the Judicial Council and parliamentary hearings.
How legislation is made
Bills pass both federal houses, except money bills which originate in the House of Representatives; the President must assent. Constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds majority in both houses and, where a provision affects provincial boundaries or powers, the consent of a majority of provincial assemblies. Provinces and local units legislate within their own schedules.
Enforcement institutions
- Nepal Police
- Civil policing under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
- Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority
- Constitutional anti-corruption body.
- Office of the Attorney General
- Constitutional prosecutor and legal adviser to government.
- Inland Revenue Department
- Income tax and VAT.
- Office of the Company Registrar
- Company registration under the Companies Act 2006.
Government bodies and regulators
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