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Spain

Kingdom of Spain

Civil lawUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchyReviewed· 2026-08-02
Capital
Madrid
Population
48,400,000
Languages
Spanish
Currency
EUR

Spain · Constitution

Spanish Constitution

The 1978 Constitution, adopted after the transition to democracy, establishes a parliamentary monarchy, a bicameral Cortes Generales, an independent judiciary and a Constitutional Court, and devolves broad powers to seventeen autonomous communities.

The constitutional text

The 1978 Constitution, adopted after the transition to democracy, establishes a parliamentary monarchy, a bicameral Cortes Generales, an independent judiciary and a Constitutional Court, and devolves broad powers to seventeen autonomous communities.

Separation of powers

A constitutional monarchy with the King as head of state, an executive led by the President of the Government, a bicameral parliament and an independent judiciary, overlaid by extensive regional self-government.

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