Rights
1992 Constitution, changed in 2024 to a parliamentary system with a President of the Council
The 1992 Constitution was substantially revised in 2024, converting Togo from a presidential to a parliamentary system in which a President of the Council of Ministers drawn from the legislative majority holds executive power. The change was adopted by the National Assembly without referendum.
Key rules
- Jurisdiction — The Cour constitutionnelle rules on constitutionality and elections; the Cour suprême heads the ordinary courts.
- Deadline — Constitutional review before promulgation: on referral to the Cour constitutionnelle
Governing law
- Constitution du 14 octobre 1992as revised
- Loi constitutionnelle du 6 mai 2024 portant nouvelle Constitution
- Loi organique sur la Cour constitutionnelle
In practice
The 2024 revision is the central fact of Togolese constitutional law. By moving executive power to a President of the Council of Ministers accountable to parliament, and removing direct presidential election, it altered the term-limit calculus that had constrained the incumbent, and it was enacted by legislative vote rather than referendum. Opposition parties characterised it as a constitutional coup.