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United Kingdom

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Common lawUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchyReviewed· 2026-06-20
Capital
London
Population
68,500,000
Languages
English, Welsh
Currency
GBP

United Kingdom · Legislation

Legislation and primary sources

Where to find the authoritative text of the law in United Kingdom, and how to confirm it is still in force.

Sources of law, ranked

Acts of Parliament
Primary legislation; sovereign and unreviewable for validity.
Statutory instruments
Delegated legislation, reviewable for excess of power.
Case law
Binding precedent from the Supreme Court downwards.
Constitutional convention
Politically binding, judicially unenforceable practice.
Devolved legislation
Scottish Parliament, Senedd Cymru, NI Assembly within competence.

The legislative process

First reading, second reading, committee stage, report stage and third reading in each House, then ping-pong on amendments, then Royal Assent.

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