Czechia · Government
Government and administration in Czechia
How the executive, legislature and administrative state are organised, and which body is responsible for what.
The three branches
- Head of State — President of the Republic
- Directly elected since 2013; five-year term, two-term limit.
- Executive — Government under the Prime Minister
- Must win a confidence vote in the Chamber of Deputies.
- Legislative — Chamber of Deputies (200) and Senate (81)
- The Chamber can override a Senate rejection by absolute majority.
- Judicial — Four-tier ordinary courts plus administrative courts
- Judges appointed for life by the President.
How legislation is made
Three readings in the Chamber of Deputies, then the Senate within 30 days; the Chamber may override the Senate, and a presidential veto, by an absolute majority of all deputies. Publication in the Collection of Laws is a condition of validity.
Enforcement institutions
- Supreme Public Prosecutor’s Office
- Heads a four-tier prosecution service.
- Police of the Czech Republic
- Unified national police force.
- NCOZ
- National organised crime and corruption agency.
Government bodies and regulators
- executiveMinistry of Justice (Ministerstvo spravedlnosti)Administers the courts and the public registers.
- executiveFinancial Administration (Finanční správa)Assesses and collects taxes.
- executiveOffice for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre (ČÚZK)Maintains the cadastre of real estate.
- independentPublic Defender of Rights (Veřejný ochránce práv)Protects individuals against maladministration.
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