Rights
The 1991 constitution as revised in 2011, in a hispanophone civil-law state
The 1991 constitution, revised by referendum in 2011, created a bicameral parliament, a Constitutional Court and the office of vice-president. Executive power is heavily concentrated and the 2011 revision introduced a nominal two-term limit.
Key rules
- Jurisdiction — The Tribunal Constitucional rules on constitutionality; the Tribunal Supremo heads the ordinary courts.
- Deadline — Presidential term under the 2011 revision: seven years, nominally renewable once
- Deadline — Election petitions: filed with the Tribunal Constitucional
Governing law
- Ley Fundamental de Guinea Ecuatorial1991, revised 2011
- Ley Orgánica del Tribunal Constitucional
- Ley Electoral
In practice
Equatorial Guinea is the only Spanish-speaking state in continental Africa, and its legal vocabulary, court names and civil-law sources are Spanish rather than French even though it sits inside OHADA and CEMAC alongside francophone neighbours — a point that trips up practitioners who assume regional uniformity.