Property
A fast, reliable public registry with restrictions on agricultural land
Ownership is governed by the Civil Code and registered with the National Agency of Public Registry. Registration is constitutive and can be completed within a day. Ownership of agricultural land by foreign nationals is constitutionally restricted.
Key rules
- Jurisdiction — National, subject to the situation in Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
Governing law
- Civil Code of Georgia (1997) — ownership, mortgage, servitudes
- Law on Public Registry (2008) — registration of rights in immovable property
- Law on Ownership of Agricultural Land (2019) — restrictions on foreign ownership
In practice
Georgia's public registry is one of the fastest in the region, with same-day or next-day registration and full electronic search, and registration is what creates the right. The position on agricultural land has moved back and forth: the 2017 constitutional amendments established that agricultural land is a resource of special importance and may as a rule be owned only by the state, self-governing entities and Georgian citizens, and the 2019 law implements that. Non-agricultural real estate can be freely acquired by foreigners. Mortgages are registered and enforcement through the registry is comparatively quick.