Procedures
The 2016 code with a split written and trial phase
Act CXXX of 2016 divides litigation into a preparatory phase that fixes the framework of the dispute and a trial phase in which new claims and evidence are largely barred. District courts hear smaller claims and regional courts act as both first instance and appeal court.
Key rules
- The dispute framework closes at the end of the preparatory phase.
- Regional courts hear claims above HUF 30 million and specified subject matters.
- Appeal lies within fifteen days of service of the judgment.
- Legal representation is mandatory before regional courts and above.
Governing law
- Act CXXX of 2016 on civil procedure (2016)In force from 2018.
- Act V of 2013 on the Civil Code (2013)Five-year general limitation period.
- Act CXXX of 1994 on judicial enforcement (1994)
In practice
Because the preparatory phase is preclusive, a statement of claim that omits a head of loss usually cannot be repaired later, which makes Hungarian pleadings unusually front-loaded.