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Iceland

Civil law (Nordic)Unitary parliamentary republicReviewed· 2026-08-02
Capital
Reykjavík
Population
390,000
Languages
Icelandic
Currency
ISK

Iceland · Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of Iceland

Adopted on independence from Denmark in 1944, the Constitution establishes a parliamentary republic with a directly elected President, a single-chamber Althingi and a catalogue of fundamental rights expanded in 1995.

The constitutional text

Adopted on independence from Denmark in 1944, the Constitution establishes a parliamentary republic with a directly elected President, a single-chamber Althingi and a catalogue of fundamental rights expanded in 1995.

Separation of powers

Parliamentary government with a directly elected President who holds a suspensive veto that can trigger a referendum, and an independent three-tier judiciary.

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