Legal information, not legal advice. Every jurisdiction page carries its verification status and sources.

Japan

Civil law with common-law influenceUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchyReviewedΒ· 2026-05-15
Capital
Tokyo
Population
123,500,000
Languages
Japanese
Currency
JPY

Japan Β· Courts

Court structure of Japan

Every tier of the judiciary, what it hears, and where an appeal goes next.

The hierarchy, top to bottom

Supreme β€” Supreme Court of Japan
Fifteen justices sitting in a grand bench and three petty benches.
Appellate β€” High Courts
Eight high courts plus the IP High Court.
First instance β€” District Courts
Fifty district courts; saiban-in panels for grave offences.
Lower β€” Summary Courts
Small claims and minor offences.
Specialised β€” Family Courts
Domestic relations and juvenile matters.

Every court in the hierarchy

Found something out of date on Japan Β· Courts?

Corrections are reviewed against the primary source before anything changes.

Report a correction