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Montenegro

Civil lawUnitary parliamentary republicReviewed· 2026-08-02
Capital
Podgorica
Population
620,000
Languages
Montenegrin
Currency
EUR
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Montenegro · Rights

Rights in Montenegro

What the atlas records on rights in Montenegro, checked against the primary sources cited below.

Rights

The 2007 Constitution, a single-chamber Parliament and a Constitutional Court

Reviewed· 2026-08-02

Montenegro is a parliamentary republic under the 2007 Constitution, adopted after independence. The Constitutional Court reviews the constitutionality of laws and decides constitutional complaints, and EU alignment drives continuing reform.

Key rules

  • The Constitutional Court may annul laws and other regulations conflicting with the Constitution.
  • A constitutional complaint is available after other legal remedies are exhausted.
  • Amendment of core provisions requires a two-thirds majority and, in some cases, a referendum.

Governing law

  • Constitution of Montenegro (2007)

In practice

Judicial and prosecutorial appointments require qualified parliamentary majorities, which has caused prolonged institutional vacancies.

Sources

Rights

Constitutional rights, treaties above statute and an Ombudsman

Reviewed· 2026-08-02

The Constitution guarantees civil, political and minority rights, and ratified treaties are part of domestic law with precedence over conflicting statute. The Protector of Human Rights and Freedoms supervises the administration.

Key rules

  • Ratified and published international treaties take precedence over conflicting domestic law.
  • Constitutional complaints protect rights against individual acts of public authority.
  • Minority rights include proportional representation and use of language and script.

Governing law

  • Constitution of Montenegro, Part II (2007)
  • European Convention on Human Rights

In practice

The Ombudsman also acts as the national anti-discrimination and torture-prevention mechanism.

Sources

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