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Sudan

Republic of the Sudan

Mixed Islamic and common lawMilitary government following the 2021 coup and 2023 warIndexed· 2026-08-03
Capital
Khartoum
Population
48,100,000
Languages
Arabic, English
Currency
SDG

Sudan · Constitution

Draft Constitutional Charter for the Transitional Period

The Constitutional Charter agreed in August 2019 between the military and the Forces of Freedom and Change established a transitional order with a Sovereignty Council, a civilian cabinet and a planned legislative council, and committed to a permanent constitutional conference. It was amended in 2020 to incorporate the Juba Peace Agreement. The October 2021 coup dissolved the civilian arrangements, and the war between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces from April 2023 has made the question of the operative constitutional order unanswerable from open sources.

The constitutional text

The Constitutional Charter agreed in August 2019 between the military and the Forces of Freedom and Change established a transitional order with a Sovereignty Council, a civilian cabinet and a planned legislative council, and committed to a permanent constitutional conference. It was amended in 2020 to incorporate the Juba Peace Agreement. The October 2021 coup dissolved the civilian arrangements, and the war between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces from April 2023 has made the question of the operative constitutional order unanswerable from open sources.

Separation of powers

Formally federal, with states headed by governors. The Juba Peace Agreement of 2020 contemplated regional arrangements for Darfur and the Two Areas. Effective authority is currently divided between the belligerents and varies by locality.

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