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Belize

Common lawParliamentary constitutional monarchyReviewed· 2026-08-02
Capital
Belmopan
Population
410,000
Languages
English, Spanish
Currency
BZD

Belize · Constitution

Belize Constitution

Came into force at independence on 21 September 1981 as a schedule to the Belize Act. Part II is a justiciable bill of rights enforceable by originating motion in the High Court. The eighth amendment (2010) replaced the Privy Council with the CCJ as the final court; a 2011 amendment entrenched public majority ownership of utilities.

The constitutional text

Came into force at independence on 21 September 1981 as a schedule to the Belize Act. Part II is a justiciable bill of rights enforceable by originating motion in the High Court. The eighth amendment (2010) replaced the Privy Council with the CCJ as the final court; a 2011 amendment entrenched public majority ownership of utilities.

Separation of powers

Unitary, with six districts and elected town and village councils. Maya communal land rights in Toledo are recognised through the courts rather than by statute, and implementation is supervised by the CCJ.

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