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Bulgaria

Republic of Bulgaria

Civil lawUnitary parliamentary republicReviewed· 2026-08-02
Capital
Sofia
Population
6,400,000
Languages
Bulgarian
Currency
BGN

Bulgaria · Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria

The first post-communist constitution in Eastern Europe, adopted by the Grand National Assembly in July 1991. It creates a Constitutional Court outside the ordinary judiciary and a Supreme Judicial Council. Some amendments require a Grand National Assembly, and a 2023 reform was partly annulled for exceeding ordinary amendment powers.

The constitutional text

The first post-communist constitution in Eastern Europe, adopted by the Grand National Assembly in July 1991. It creates a Constitutional Court outside the ordinary judiciary and a Supreme Judicial Council. Some amendments require a Grand National Assembly, and a 2023 reform was partly annulled for exceeding ordinary amendment powers.

Separation of powers

Parliamentary government with a directly elected President whose veto Parliament overrides by absolute majority; the Constitutional Court sits apart from the two supreme courts.

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