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Estonia

Republic of Estonia

Civil lawUnitary parliamentary republicReviewed· 2026-08-02
Capital
Tallinn
Population
1,370,000
Languages
Estonian
Currency
EUR

Estonia · Constitution

Constitution of the Republic of Estonia

The 1992 Constitution establishes a parliamentary republic with a single-chamber Riigikogu, a president elected by parliament, and constitutional review exercised by a chamber of the Supreme Court.

The constitutional text

The 1992 Constitution establishes a parliamentary republic with a single-chamber Riigikogu, a president elected by parliament, and constitutional review exercised by a chamber of the Supreme Court.

Separation of powers

Parliamentary government with a largely ceremonial president and an independent judiciary whose apex court also performs constitutional review.

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