Legal information, not legal advice. Every jurisdiction page carries its verification status and sources.

Eswatini

Kingdom of Eswatini

Mixed Roman-Dutch, English common law and Swazi customary lawAbsolute monarchyReviewed· 2026-08-03
Capital
Mbabane
Population
1,200,000
Languages
siSwati, English
Currency
SZL

Eswatini · Legislation

Legislation and primary sources

Where to find the authoritative text of the law in Eswatini, and how to confirm it is still in force.

Sources of law, ranked

Constitution
Declared supreme, but read alongside preserved royal prerogative.
King's Orders-in-Council and Acts
Legislation may originate from Parliament or by royal decree.
Roman-Dutch common law
Substantive private law with English procedure.
Swazi customary law
Applied by the Swazi National Courts; governs land and much family matter.
Case law
Binding precedent from the Supreme Court downwards.

The legislative process

Bills pass the House of Assembly and Senate and require royal assent, which the King may withhold. The King may also legislate by decree in defined circumstances, and bills touching Swazi law and custom are referred to traditional structures. Constitutional amendment requires a two-thirds majority of both chambers sitting jointly, and for entrenched provisions a referendum.

Found something out of date on Eswatini · Legislation?

Corrections are reviewed against the primary source before anything changes.

Report a correction