Holy See (Vatican City) · Constitution
Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
The Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, most recently reissued in 2023, vests the fullness of legislative, executive and judicial power in the Supreme Pontiff, who exercises it directly or through the Pontifical Commission and Governorate.
The constitutional text
The Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, most recently reissued in 2023, vests the fullness of legislative, executive and judicial power in the Supreme Pontiff, who exercises it directly or through the Pontifical Commission and Governorate.
Separation of powers
Power is concentrated in the Supreme Pontiff, exercised through the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State (legislative), the Governorate (executive) and the Vatican tribunals (judicial).
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