Holy See (Vatican City) · Courts
Court structure of Holy See (Vatican City)
Every tier of the judiciary, what it hears, and where an appeal goes next.
The hierarchy, top to bottom
- Supreme — Supreme Court of Cassation
- Highest Vatican tribunal.
- Appellate — Court of Appeal
- Hears appeals in Vatican cases.
- First instance — Tribunal of Vatican City State
- General first-instance court.
Every court in the hierarchy
- supremeVatican CityCourt of Cassation of Vatican City StateVatican City State — final review on points of law
- first-instanceVatican CityTribunal of Vatican City StateVatican City State — civil and criminal matters
- specialisedVatican CityTribunal of the Roman RotaUniversal — canonical appeals, chiefly marriage nullity
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