India · Courts
Court structure of India
Every tier of the judiciary, what it hears, and where an appeal goes next.
The hierarchy, top to bottom
- Supreme — Supreme Court of India
- Sanctioned strength of 34 judges; writ, appellate and advisory jurisdiction.
- Appellate — High Courts
- 25 High Courts with constitutional writ jurisdiction over their states.
- First instance — District and Sessions Courts
- Principal civil and criminal trial courts.
- Lower — Civil judge and magistrate courts
- Junior and senior division subordinate courts.
- Specialised — NCLT, NGT, ITAT, consumer commissions
- A dense tribunal layer with statutory appeals.
Every court in the hierarchy
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