Iran · Courts
Court structure of Iran
Every tier of the judiciary, what it hears, and where an appeal goes next.
The hierarchy, top to bottom
- Apex — Supreme Court
- Branches reviewing points of law; issues unification-of-precedent rulings.
- Appellate — Provincial Courts of Appeal
- Appeals from general and criminal courts.
- First instance — General Courts and Criminal Courts One and Two
- Criminal Court One tries offences carrying the most severe penalties.
- Administrative — Court of Administrative Justice
- Reviews regulations and administrative action; may annul them.
- Special — Revolutionary Courts and Special Clerical Court
- Security, narcotics and offences by clerics; procedures differ markedly.
Every court in the hierarchy
- supremeTehranSupreme Court of IranReview of judgments of the lower courts for conformity with law and Islamic principles, and issuing unifying precedent decisions binding on lower courts.
- constitutionalTehranGuardian CouncilReview of all legislation passed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly for compatibility with Islam and the Constitution, interpretation of the Constitution, and vetting of candidates for elected office.
- specialisedTehranCourt of Administrative JusticeComplaints against government agencies and officials, and review of the legality of executive regulations and bylaws.
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