Poland · Courts
Court structure of Poland
Every tier of the judiciary, what it hears, and where an appeal goes next.
The hierarchy, top to bottom
- Constitutional — Constitutional Tribunal (Trybunał Konstytucyjny)
- Reviews statutes; hears constitutional complaints.
- Supreme — Supreme Court (Sąd Najwyższy)
- Cassation in civil, criminal and labour cases.
- Appellate — Courts of appeal (sądy apelacyjne)
- Eleven appellate districts.
- First instance — Regional and district courts
- Value and gravity decide which court hears the case.
- Specialised — Supreme Administrative Court and voivodeship courts
- A separate two-tier administrative judiciary.
Every court in the hierarchy
- constitutionalWarsawConstitutional Tribunal of PolandPoland — constitutionality of statutes and constitutional complaints
- supremeWarsawSupreme Court of PolandPoland — cassation in civil, criminal, labour and disciplinary matters
- specialisedWarsawSupreme Administrative Court of PolandPoland — cassation appeals against administrative court judgments
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