Romania · Courts
Court structure of Romania
Every tier of the judiciary, what it hears, and where an appeal goes next.
The hierarchy, top to bottom
- Constitutional — Constitutional Court (Curtea Constituțională)
- Nine judges, nine-year non-renewable terms.
- Supreme — High Court of Cassation and Justice
- Ensures uniform interpretation; hears second appeals.
- Appellate — Courts of appeal (curți de apel)
- Fifteen appellate courts.
- First instance — Tribunals and local courts (judecătorii)
- Tribunals also hear appeals from local courts.
- Specialised — Specialised tribunals and administrative panels
- Administrative and fiscal sections sit inside the ordinary courts.
Every court in the hierarchy
- constitutionalBucharestConstitutional Court of RomaniaRomania — a priori and a posteriori constitutional review
- supremeBucharestHigh Court of Cassation and JusticeRomania — second appeals and uniform interpretation of law
- appellateBucharestBucharest Court of AppealBucharest and surrounding counties — appeals and specified first-instance cases
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