Uzbekistan · Constitution
Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Adopted in December 1992 and comprehensively revised by referendum on 30 April 2023, which rewrote the great majority of its articles. It declares Uzbekistan a sovereign democratic republic and a social state, extends the presidential term from five to seven years while limiting it to two terms, and expands the rights chapter with an explicit prohibition on torture, a Miranda-style right to be informed of one's rights, and a presumption in favour of the individual where legal provisions are ambiguous. Karakalpakstan retains its status as a sovereign republic within Uzbekistan under Article 74, with its own constitution that must not conflict with the national one.
The constitutional text
Adopted in December 1992 and comprehensively revised by referendum on 30 April 2023, which rewrote the great majority of its articles. It declares Uzbekistan a sovereign democratic republic and a social state, extends the presidential term from five to seven years while limiting it to two terms, and expands the rights chapter with an explicit prohibition on torture, a Miranda-style right to be informed of one's rights, and a presumption in favour of the individual where legal provisions are ambiguous. Karakalpakstan retains its status as a sovereign republic within Uzbekistan under Article 74, with its own constitution that must not conflict with the national one.
Separation of powers
Unitary in form but with one genuine autonomy: twelve regions (viloyatlar), the city of Tashkent, and the Republic of Karakalpakstan, which has its own constitution, legislature (Jokargy Kenes) and supreme court. Regional governors (hokims) are appointed by the President. Local councils of people's deputies have limited competence, and their chairs were separated from the hokim role by the 2023 reforms.
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