Employment
A 1999 Labour Code built on fixed-term contract renewal
The Labour Code of 1999, amended in 2020, governs employment. A distinctive feature is the contract system introduced by presidential decree, under which most employees work on renewable fixed terms of one to five years, which weakens dismissal protection in practice.
Key rules
- The contract system permits fixed terms of one to five years, renewable at the employer's option.
- Notice of non-renewal must be given at least one month before expiry.
- Annual leave is at least 24 calendar days.
- Labour disputes go first to a commission at the workplace where one exists, then to court.
Governing law
- Labour Code (1999)As amended in 2020.
- Decree No. 29 on additional measures to improve labour relations (1999)The contract system.
- Law on trade unions (1992)
In practice
Independent trade unions were liquidated by court order in 2022, so collective representation now runs solely through the state-affiliated federation.