Belarus · Government
Government and administration in Belarus
How the executive, legislature and administrative state are organised, and which body is responsible for what.
The three branches
- Head of State — President of the Republic
- Wide decree powers; appoints the Prime Minister with parliamentary consent.
- Constitutional body — All-Belarusian People’s Assembly
- Given constitutional status in 2022; up to 1,200 delegates.
- Legislative — House of Representatives (110) and Council of the Republic (64)
- Bicameral National Assembly.
- Judicial — Unified courts headed by the Supreme Court
- Judges appointed by the President.
How legislation is made
Bills pass the House of Representatives and the Council of the Republic and are signed by the President, who may return them. Separately, the President may issue decrees and edicts with the force of law, including on matters otherwise reserved to statute.
Enforcement institutions
- Prosecutor General’s Office
- Supervises legality and directs prosecution.
- Investigative Committee
- Centralised pre-trial investigation body created in 2011.
- Ministry of Internal Affairs
- Police, militia and penitentiary administration.
Government bodies and regulators
- executiveMinistry of Justice (Міністэрства юстыцыі)Registers legal entities and supervises the legal professions.
- executiveMinistry of Taxes and DutiesAssesses and collects taxes and duties.
- executiveState Property Committee (Дзяржаўны камітэт па майне)Maintains the register of real property rights.
- independentProsecutor General’s Office (Генеральная пракуратура)Supervises the uniform application of law and directs prosecution.
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