Procedures
Three-tier civil courts with a general ten-year limitation period
The Civil Procedure Code provides first-instance trial, appellate review and cassation to the Supreme Court. The general limitation period under the Civil Code is ten years, with shorter periods for specific claims.
Key rules
- Jurisdiction — Soum and district courts at first instance; aimag and capital courts on appeal; Supreme Court on cassation.
- Deadline — Appeal within 14 days of service of the first-instance judgment
- Deadline — Cassation appeal within 30 days of the appellate decision
Governing law
- Civil Procedure Code of Mongolia2002
- Civil Code of Mongolia (2002) (arts. 75-80 (limitation))
- Law on Arbitration2017
In practice
Proceedings are written and judge-led, with the court taking an active role in gathering evidence. Court fees are proportionate to the claim value and recoverable from the losing party. The 2017 Arbitration Law follows the UNCITRAL Model Law, and Mongolia is a party to the New York Convention, so foreign awards are enforceable subject to the usual grounds of refusal. Enforcement of judgments is carried out by state enforcement officers under a separate enforcement statute.